Conventional IVF Procedure & Benefits

What is conventional IVF?

Conventional IVF is the process in which eggs are removed from the ovary
and surrounded by washed sperms in a petri-dish in a lab.

In this procedure the one sperm usually considered to be the best sperm fertilize the egg on its own, similar to the natural conception.

Conventional IVF Procedure

The conventional IVF procedure consists of five steps.

• Using fertility drugs to stimulate the growth of the multiple eggs follicle.
• Matured eggs are removed through the surgical procedure by oocyte aspiration.
• Eggs are fertilized in vitro by a controlled laboratory setting.
• Embryo culture in vitro for several days.
• Predetermined number of quality embryos are transferred into the uterus.

Ovarian Stimulation

Usual protocol for ovarian stimulation are

• GnRH agonist/FSH -long down regulation protocol.
• GnRH agonist/FSH –short protocol.
• Clomiphene citrate/HMG.

Then trigger shot is given 36ours before the oocyte procedure.
Human chorionic gonadotropin( hCG )
Oocyte size is about 18-20mm.

Collection & Capacitation of Spermatozoa

Semen sample is provided by ejaculation is
processed as for IUI procedures like

1. swim up,
   2.Pellet and swim up and
2. Density and gradient method.

Invasive methods

Testicular sperm aspiration(TESA)
Percutaneous epidydimal sperm aspiration (PESA).
In case of azoospermia , cancer , genital infection donor sperms are used.

Insemination and Embryo Development

The collected oocyte and processed sperms are cultured in the culture dishes either by single step or sequential step culture.
The pro-nuclei is observed after 3-10 hours of post insemination.
The 2 cell stage embryo is observed after 25 -33 hours of post insemination process.
Then the cultured embryo is transferred at blastocyst stage into the uterine wall
by embryo transfer procedure with the help of ultrasound.

Who needs IVF treatment?

• Women in their advanced maternal age over 35 years of age.
• Women having blocked or damaged fallopian tube.
• Women with endometriosis.
• Women with ovulation disorders such as premature ovarian failure or uterine fibroids.
• Male infertility factor such as decreased sperm count or motility.
• Unexplained infertility.

Disadvantages

• Miscarriages
• Multiple pregnancies
• Ectopic pregnancy
• Oocyte pick up complications
• Birth defects
• OHSS
• Premature delivery and low weight
• Higher cost.